[User] In Solana, what does the 'invoke_signed' function accomplish in the context of this code?

[Assistant]
In the context of the provided code snippet, the `invoke_signed` function is used to execute a cross-program invocation (CPI) to create a new account on the Solana blockchain. Specifically, it allows the program to call another program (in this case, the System Program) while also providing the necessary authorization through the use of "signer seeds."

Here’s a breakdown of its purpose and functionality:

1. **Cross-Program Invocation**: The `invoke_signed` function allows your program to call the `create_account` instruction from the System Program, which is responsible for creating new accounts on Solana.

2. **Authorization with Signer Seeds**: The function takes an additional parameter, `signers_seeds`, which is an array of byte slices that are used to derive a program-derived address (PDA). This is important because PDAs do not have a private key and must be authorized through the use of these seeds.

3. **Account Creation**: In the provided code, the `create_pda_account_ix` instruction is constructed to create a new account (`pda_account`) funded by `funding_account`. The `invoke_signed` function executes this instruction, ensuring that the operation is authorized by the derived PDA.

Here’s the relevant part of the code for clarity:

```rust
invoke_signed(
    &create_pda_account_ix,
    &[
        funding_account.clone(),
        pda_account.clone(),
        system_program.clone(),
    ],
    &[signers_seeds],
)?;
```

- The first argument is the instruction to be invoked (`create_pda_account_ix`).
- The second argument is a list of accounts that are required for the instruction (the funding account, the new PDA account, and the system program).
- The third argument is the signer seeds, which are used to authorize the operation.

In summary, `invoke_signed` is crucial for securely creating new accounts in Solana while ensuring that the operation is properly authorized using the derived seeds.

nts.iter();

  let funding_account = next_account_info(accounts_iter)?;
  let pda_account = next_account_info(accounts_iter)?;
  let system_program = next_account_info(accounts_iter)?;

  match instruction {
    WhitelistInstruction::Initialize => {
      msg!("Initialize");

      let (pda, pda_bump) = Pubkey::find_program_address(
          &[
            b"customaddress",
            &funding_account.key.to_bytes(),
          ],
          _program_id,
      );

      let signers_seeds: &[&[u8]; 3] = &[
          b"customaddress",
          &funding_account.key.to_bytes(),
          &[pda_bump],
      ];

      if pda.ne(&pda_account.key) {
          return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAccountData);
      }

      let lamports_required = Rent::get()?.minimum_balance(INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN);
      let create_pda_account_ix = system_instruction::create_account(
          &funding_account.key,
          &pda_account.key,
          lamports_required,
          INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN.try_into().unwrap(),
          &_program_id,
      );

      invoke_signed(
          &create_pda_account_ix,
          &[
              funding_account.clone(),
              pda_account.clone(),
              system_program.clone(),
          ],
          &[signers_seeds],
      )?;

      let mut pda_account_state = WhiteListData::try_from_slice(&pda_account.data.borrow())?;

      pda_account_state.is_initialized = true;
      pda_account_state.white_list = Vec::new();
      pda_account_state.ser


[User] What type of damages does DexScreener explicitly state it will not be liable for?

[Assistant] DexScreener explicitly states that it will not be liable for any special, incidental, indirect, or consequential damages. This includes, but is not limited to, damages for loss of profits, loss of data or other information, business interruption, personal injury, and loss of privacy. These limitations apply in relation to the use of or inability to use the Service, third-party software and/or third-party hardware used with the Service, or otherwise in connection with any provision of the Terms.

s and Your exclusive remedy for all of the foregoing shall be limited to the amount actually paid by You through the Service or 100 USD if You haven't purchased anything through the Service.

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall the Company or its suppliers be liable for any special, incidental, indirect, or consequential damages whatsoever (including, but not limited to, damages for loss of profits, loss of data or other information, for business interruption, for personal injury, loss of privacy arising out of or in any way related to the use of or inability to use the Service, third-party software and/or third-party hardware used with the Service, or otherwise in connection with any provision of this Terms), even if the Company or any supplier has been advised of the possibility of such damages and even if the remedy fails of its essential purpose.

Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties or limitation of liability for incidental or consequential damages, which means that some of the above limitations may not apply. In these states, each party's liability will be limited to the greatest extent permitted by law.

"AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" Disclaimer
The Service is provided to You "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and with all faults and defects without warranty of any kind. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, the Company, on its own behalf and on behalf of its Affiliates and its and their respective licensors


[User] How does Raydium ensure that liquidity pools are never empty during LP token minting?

[Assistant]
Raydium ensures that liquidity pools are never empty during LP token minting by transferring a small fraction of the initial liquidity to the pool vaults instead of minting all of it as LP tokens. This mechanism allows for the continuous availability of liquidity within the pool, ensuring that new LP tokens can always be minted even if the previous LP token supply is removed or burned.

This design choice helps maintain the liquidity of the pool, preventing it from becoming completely depleted and allowing for ongoing trading activities on the Raydium platform.

mediately be traded on the Raydium swap interface.

It is highly suggested to carefully read and understand this entire guide before creating a pool.

Every new LP must be linked to a unique OpenBook market ID. The same market ID cannot be used for more than one LP on Raydium.

Once created, new LPs will be immediately tradable on the Raydium Swap interface.

Pool creation requires the base token to have freeze authority disabled.

Every new LP will have an associated AMM ID created. This AMM ID can be used to easily search for the pool on the Swap or Liquidity page, or be shared with others to do the same.

When a new pool is created, a small fraction of the initial liquidity is transferred to the pool vaults instead of being minted as LP tokens to ensure the liquidity pool is never empty and new LP tokens can always be minted in the event that the previous LP token supply is removed or burned.

How to Create a Permissionless Pool
Obtain an OpenBook Market ID

Read the points on minimum order and price tick size below

Create an OpenBook market ID at this link: https://v2.raydium.io/create-market/

Note that creating a new market can cost anywhere from 0.3 - 2.8 SOL.

🚨IMPORTANT🚨: Minimum Order and Price Tick Size

Price Tick Size: This is the smallest amount by which prices can move. For a SOL/USDC market, this would be in units of USDC, a.k.a. the price increment.

It is suggested that Min Price Tick Size should be a maximum of 0.1% of your intended starting price for th


[User] What options does Jupiter provide for configuring slippage thresholds in trades?

[Assistant]
Jupiter provides options for configuring slippage thresholds in trades through a percentage setting. Users can set their slippage thresholds, which determine how much the price can move against them during execution before the trade fails. This allows users to manage their risk and ensure that they are comfortable with the potential price changes that may occur between the quotation and the execution of the trade.

In most DeFi applications, this configuration is typically accessible in the trading interface, where users can specify their desired slippage percentage. If the price moves beyond this threshold during the execution of the trade, the transaction will not go through, helping to protect users from unfavorable price changes.

on you attempt to make. However, as the Solana network receives more usage and traffic, more transactions will attempt to compete for the same amount of space.

This led to the introduction to Priority Fees. It is an optimal fee that you can pay to boost the prioritization of your transaction, allowing it to process earlier, resulting in faster execution times.

Slippage
When trading in Decentralized Finance, you will often hear the term slippage. A quick and easy way to understand slippage is, you receive a quotation of a certain trade, but during execution, the price would have very likely moved, and this causes slippage.

Hence, in most DeFi apps, you will be able configure your slippage thresholds in percentages, where during execution, if price moves against you in some percentage, the trade will fail.

This seems daunting
We agree with you, it can be daunting to think about these settings.

At Jupiter, we do our best to continuously improve your experience, we have designed a few iterations starting from just a simple configuration which slowly evolved into a dynamic mechanism where you configure less, and swap with more confidence.

Check out how to use the Auto / Manual Settings below!

Auto / Manual Swap Settings
Select the Gear icon on the Swap Form to choose your Swap Settings Mode.
Choose between Auto or Manual depending on how you like it.
Swap away! If you need any assistance, please reach out to us in Discord.
Feature	Description
Auto Mode	Recommended for begin


[User] How does Helius facilitate the creation and management of English auctions?

[Assistant]
Helius facilitates the creation and management of English auctions through a specific set of functionalities designed for auction-related operations. The relevant actions associated with English auctions include:

1. **NFT_AUCTION_CREATED**: This action is triggered when a new auction is created. It allows users to initiate an auction for an NFT.

2. **NFT_AUCTION_UPDATED**: This action is used to update the details of an existing auction, such as changing the auction parameters or extending the auction duration.

3. **NFT_BID**: This action allows participants to place bids on the auctioned NFT. It is crucial for the competitive aspect of English auctions where bidders compete by offering higher prices.

4. **NFT_AUCTION_CANCELLED**: This action is used to cancel an ongoing auction. If circumstances change or if the seller decides not to proceed with the auction, this action can be invoked.

5. **NFT_SALE**: This action is triggered when the auction concludes successfully and the NFT is sold to the highest bidder.

These actions provide a comprehensive framework for managing English auctions, allowing users to create, update, bid, cancel, and finalize sales of NFTs.

Here’s a simple code example illustrating how one might initiate an auction using the `NFT_AUCTION_CREATED` action:

```javascript
const auctionDetails = {
    nftId: "12345",
    startingBid: 1.0, // Starting bid in SOL
    auctionDuration: 3600, // Duration in seconds
    seller: "sellerWalletAddress"
};

// Function to create an auction
async function createAuction(auctionDetails) {
    const response = await helioApi.createAuction(auctionDetails);
    console.log("Auction created:", response);
}

// Call the function to create the auction
createAuction(auctionDetails);
```

This example demonstrates how to set up the parameters for an auction and call a function to create it using Helius functionalities.

_V3": [
    "NFT_MINT",
    "CANDY_MACHINE_UPDATE",
    "CANDY_MACHINE_ROUTE",
    "CANDY_MACHINE_WRAP",
    "CANDY_MACHINE_UNWRAP"
  ],
  "FORM_FUNCTION": [
    "NFT_BID",
    "NFT_SALE",
    "NFT_LISTING",
    "NFT_MINT"
  ],
  "EXCHANGE_ART": [
    "NFT_LISTING",
    "NFT_BID",
    "NFT_SALE",
    "NFT_CANCEL_LISTING",
    "NFT_BID_CANCELLED"
  ],
  "SOLANART": [
    "NFT_BID",
    "NFT_BID_CANCELLED",
    "NFT_SALE",
    "NFT_LISTING",
    "NFT_CANCEL_LISTING",
    "NFT_GLOBAL_BID",
    "NFT_GLOBAL_BID_CANCELLED"
  ],
  "MAGIC_EDEN": [
    "NFT_LISTING",
    "NFT_CANCEL_LISTING",
    "NFT_BID",
    "NFT_BID_CANCELLED",
    "NFT_SALE",
    "WITHDRAW",
    "DEPOSIT",
    "NFT_MINT",
    "NFT_GLOBAL_BID",
    "NFT_GLOBAL_BID_CANCELLED"
  ],
  "ENGLISH_AUCTION": [
    "NFT_AUCTION_CREATED",
    "NFT_AUCTION_UPDATED",
    "NFT_BID",
    "NFT_AUCTION_CANCELLED",
    "NFT_SALE"
  ],
  "PHANTOM": [
    "TRANSFER"
  ],
  "SOLSEA": [
    "NFT_SALE",
    "NFT_LISTING",
    "NFT_CANCEL_LISTING"
  ],
  "LAUNCH_MY_NFT": [
    "NFT_MINT"
  ],
  "GEM_BANK": [
    "INIT_BANK",
    "SET_BANK_FLAGS",
    "INIT_VAULT",
    "SET_VAULT_LOCK",
    "UPDATE_VAULT_OWNER",
    "DEPOSIT_GEM",
    "WITHDRAW_GEM",
    "ADD_TO_WHITELIST",
    "REMOVE_FROM_WHITELIST",
    "UPDATE_BANK_MANAGER",
    "RECORD_RARITY_POINTS"
  ],
  "GEM_FARM": [
    "INIT_FARM",
    "UPDATE_FARM",
    "PAYOUT",
    "ADD_TO_WHITELIST",
    "REMOVE_FROM_WHITELIST",
    "STAKE_TOKEN",
    "UNSTAKE_TOKEN",
    "CLAIM_REWARDS",


[User] How does QuickNode differentiate between regular blocks and special blocks?

[Assistant]
QuickNode differentiates between regular blocks and special blocks by using the `type` field in the block information. This field indicates the type of the block, allowing users to distinguish between regular blocks and special blocks, such as snapshot blocks or transaction confirmation blocks.

For example, when querying block information, you can check the `type` field to determine the nature of the block you are dealing with.

Here’s a conceptual example of how you might access this information in code:

```javascript
const blockInfo = await quickNode.getBlock(blockId);
if (blockInfo.type === 'regular') {
    console.log('This is a regular block.');
} else if (blockInfo.type === 'snapshot') {
    console.log('This is a snapshot block.');
} else if (blockInfo.type === 'transaction_confirmation') {
    console.log('This is a transaction confirmation block.');
}
```

This code snippet demonstrates how to check the `type` of a block and respond accordingly.

ansactions
info
An array of information objects that provide additional details about the transactions in the block
tokenAmount
The balance of the token in the token account
amount
The raw total token supply without decimals, a string representation of a u64 integer
decimals
An integer value representing the number of decimal places used by the token
uiAmount
The total token supply using mint-prescribed decimals (DEPRECATED)
uiAmountString
The total token supply as a string using mint-prescribed decimals
delegate
The public address of the delegate from which the account tokens are to be retrieved encoded as base-58 string
delegateAmount
The configuration object with the following fields:
amount
The raw total token supply without decimals, a string representation of a u64 integer
decimals
An integer value representing the number of decimal places used by the token
uiAmount
The total token supply using mint-prescribed decimals (DEPRECATED)
uiAmountString
The total token supply as a string using mint-prescribed decimals
isNative
A boolean value indicating whether the token is a native token of the Solana blockchain
mint
Provides information about the creation of new tokens
owner
The base-58 encoded Pubkey of the program this account has been assigned to
state
The current state of the token account
type
The type of the block. It can be used to differentiate between regular blocks and special blocks such as snapshot or transaction confirmation blocks
space
The amount of storage sp


[User] What does the 'executable' boolean field indicate in the response from QuickNode's /markets API endpoint?

[Assistant] The 'executable' boolean field in the response from QuickNode's /markets API endpoint indicates whether the program is executable or not. This field helps determine if the market can be interacted with or executed upon based on its current state.

ess.

When you add new markets that aren't available in the standard Jupiter market cache, you'll need to pass the useQNMarketCache=true parameter to the URL you're making subsequent /quote, /swap, or /swap-instructions requests with.

The steps below are an example for when adding new markets, receiving a quote, and swapping the newly added market.

Use the POST /markets API endpoint to add a new market.
Use the GET /quote API endpoint and include useQNMarketCache=true parameter. i.e /quote?useQNMarketCache=true
Use either POST /swap or POST /swap-instructions and include useQNMarketCache=true parameter when fetching a swap for the quote you just requested. i.e /swap?useQNMarketCache=true
Body Parameters
poolAddress
string
REQUIRED
The poolAddress for a given token pair
Returns
data
string
The encoded data related to the market.
executable
boolean
A boolean field indicating whether the program is executable or not
lamports
integer
The number of lamports allocated to the account
owner
string
The public key of the account owner
rentEpoch
integer
The epoch at which the rent for this account was last updated
pubkey
string
The public key of the account
params
object
The params object which contains the following fields:
serumBids
string
Public key of the account holding serum bids for this market
serumAsks
string
Public key of the account holding serum asks for this market
serumEventQueue
string
Public key of the account representing the serum event queue for this market
serumCoi


[User] Can you explain the additional compensation mechanism for users in non-RAY pools on Raydium?

[Assistant]
Certainly! In the event of an exploit affecting liquidity providers (LPs) in non-RAY pools on Raydium, an additional compensation mechanism was put in place. Here’s how it works:

1. **Principal Recovery**: Users who LP-ed in pools that did not include RAY in the pair were able to claim back 90% of their lost funds in the original token assets for the affected pool.

2. **RAY Compensation**: In addition to the 90% recovery in original tokens, users could also claim the remaining 10% of the lost asset value (calculated at the time of the exploit) denominated in RAY.

3. **Extra Compensation**: Furthermore, an additional 20% of the remaining lost asset value in RAY was added as further compensation for these users.

This compensation structure ensures that while users in non-RAY pools face a loss, they are still able to recover a significant portion of their investments through both original tokens and RAY.

In summary, the compensation for users in non-RAY pools consists of:
- 90% of lost funds in original tokens.
- 10% of lost asset value in RAY.
- An additional 20% of the remaining lost asset value in RAY.

This mechanism aims to provide a safety net for users affected by the exploit.

ms process, remaining funds in the Claim Portal vault will be returned to the Buyback treasury wallet with the exception of RAY which was contributed by the team allocation. More details on the team contribution below.

RAY Compensation
In addition to the Buyback treasury funds used to obtain the majority of the affected assets, a portion of RAY from the vested Raydium team allocation was used to compensate for a portion of funds lost.

Full details can be found here, but in general:

Users that LP-ed in pools which included RAY in the pair, were able to claim 100% of their principal lost for a position.

LPs in non-RAY pools were able to claim back 90% of lost funds in the original token assets for an affected pool. Users were also able to claim the remaining 10% of lost asset value (at the time of the exploit) denominated in RAY. An additional 20% of the remaining lost asset value in RAY was also added as further compensation.

All RAY used to cover the original principal exposure for RAY pairs as well as additional RAY used for compensation on non-RAY pair pools was distributed from vested Raydium team token allocation.

In total, 2,737,521.92 RAY was allocated to Claim Portal vaults and third party protocols for compensation:

2,668,458.70 RAY deposited in the claim portal

25,026.71 RAY transferred directly to individual DetlaOne position accounts

44,036.51 RAY transferred directly to Tulip lending vaults for leveraged positions

Following the conclusion of the claim


[User] How can I specify the minimum slot for a request using Tatum?

[Assistant]
To specify the minimum slot for a request using Tatum, you can include the `minContextSlot` parameter in the options object when making a JSON-RPC request. This parameter allows you to define the minimum slot that the request can be evaluated at.

Here is an example of how to use the `minContextSlot` parameter in a JSON-RPC request to the `getFeeForMessage` method:

### JSON-RPC Request Example

```json
{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getFeeForMessage",
  "params": [
    "AQABAgIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEBAQAA",
    {
      "commitment": "processed",
      "minContextSlot": 1000
    }
  ]
}
```

In this example, the `minContextSlot` is set to `1000`, which specifies that the request can only be evaluated at slots equal to or greater than this value.

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEBAQAA"
options (object, optional): Configuration object containing the following fields:
commitment (string, optional): Specifies the confirmation level of data to be fetched.
Values: finalized confirmed processed
minContextSlot (number, optional): The minimum slot that the request can be evaluated at
Example: 1000
Return Object
The result will be a JSON object with value equal to Fee corresponding to the message at the specified blockhash

JSON-RPC Request Example
JSON

{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getFeeForMessage",
  "params": [
    "AQABAgIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEBAQAA",
    {
      "commitment": "processed"
    }
  ]
}
JSON-RPC Response Example
JSON

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": { "context": { "slot": 5068 }, "value": 5000 },
  "id": 1
}
Updated about 2 months ago

gethighestsnapshotslot
getblocktime
Did this page help you?

getblocktime
Solana RPC

Archive Method
Only on the full archive nodes. Complex queries might take longer and incur additional cost

How to Use It
JavaScript

// yarn add @tatumio/tatum

import { TatumSDK, Solana, Network } from '@tatumio/tatum'

const tatum = (await TatumSDK.init) < Solana > { network: Network.SOLANA }

const res = await tatum.rpc.getBlockTime(5)

await tatum.destroy() // Destroy Tatum SDK - needed for stopping background jobs
Overview
The getBlockTime method returns the estimat


[User] What are the implications of receiving a CORS error when making requests to CoinGecko's API?

[Assistant]
A CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) error occurs when the server does not return the required CORS headers in response to a request made from a different origin. When you encounter a CORS error while making requests to CoinGecko's API, it implies that your request has been blocked by the browser for security reasons. Here are the implications of receiving a CORS error:

1. **Request Blocked**: Your request to the CoinGecko API will not be processed, and you will not receive any data in response. This means that any functionality relying on that API call will fail.

2. **Client-Side Issue**: CORS errors are typically client-side issues, meaning that the problem lies in how the request is made from the client (e.g., a web application). The server (CoinGecko API) is not configured to allow requests from your domain.

3. **Need for CORS Headers**: To resolve the CORS error, the server must include the appropriate CORS headers in its response. This allows the browser to permit the request from your origin.

4. **Recommended Solutions**: You may need to explore solutions such as:
   - Using a proxy server that adds the necessary CORS headers.
   - Making requests from a server-side application instead of a client-side application, as server-side requests are not subject to CORS restrictions.

In summary, a CORS error indicates that your request to the CoinGecko API is being blocked due to security policies, and you will need to implement solutions to bypass this limitation to successfully make API calls.

ule
10002 (Api Key Missing)	You have provided incorrect API key credentials. Please check your keys in developer dashboard and ensure that your request is authorized
10005	You may not have access to this endpoint. E.g. 'This request is limited Pro API subscribers'. You may wanna subscribe to a paid plan here
CORS error	A CORS error occurs when the server doesn’t return the CORS headers required. You may learn more and attempt the recommended solutions here
Rate Limit
📘
Notes

If you're using the public API with Google Sheet and got hit with error, this is due to the IP sharing among Google Sheet users, and we have no control over this. If you need reliable performance, please register for a demo account or subscribe to a paid plan that comes with dedicated infra (API key) to prevent rate limit issues
For more details, please go to the page here
For Public API user (Demo plan), the rate limit is ~30 calls per minutes and it varies depending on the traffic size.
If you're Pro API user (any paid plan), the rate limit is depending on the paid plan that you're subscribed to
🟢 API Status
CoinGecko's API status page provides information on the current status and incident history of CoinGecko API (Public & Pro)

👍
Tips

You can view our live updates, and subscribe to updates via Email, Slack and Discord
Instead of subscribing to all updates, you may click on 'Select services' to subscribe to either Public or Pro API updates

CoinGecko API Status - https://status.coingecko.com
Inciden


[User] How does Meteora handle large swaps that cross multiple bins in terms of fee calculation?

[Assistant]
In Meteora, when handling large swaps that cross multiple bins, the fee calculation is performed iteratively on a per-bin basis. This means that if a large swap spans across \( n \) bins, the total swap fee is calculated for each bin \( k \) (where \( 0 \leq k \leq n \)). The variable fee for each bin is determined based on the difference in the bin IDs from the initial bin where the swap originated to the current bin being evaluated.

For example, consider a scenario with a trading pair like SOL/USDC, where each bin step is set to $1 for simplicity. If the active bin (ID = 1000) before the swap is at $100 and a large buy order pushes the price up to $102, the value of \( k \) for each bin is as follows:

- For the $100 bin (ID = 1000), \( k = 0 \)
- For the $101 bin (ID = 1001), \( k = 1 \)
- For the $102 bin (ID = 1002), \( k = 2 \)

The variable fee for a bin \( f_v(k) \) is calculated using the variable fee control parameter \( A \), the bin step \( s \), and the volatility accumulator \( v_a(k) \):

\[
f_v(k) = A \cdot (v_a(k) \cdot s)^2
\]

The volatility accumulator \( v_a(k) \) captures the instantaneous volatility for each bin. This approach ensures that fees are fairly distributed to the liquidity providers (LPs) of each bin that is crossed during the swap.

ep, to allow for adjustment of the pool base fees.

Variable Fee
The variable fee depends on the volatility of the market where it is affected by swap frequencies as well as swaps that span across many bins. Fees are calculated and distributed on a per bin basis, to allow for a fair fee distribution to the LPs of each bin that is crossed.

For large swaps that span across bins, fees are calculated iteratively. This means that if a large swap crosses
n
n bins, total swap fee is calculated per bin
k
k (such that
0
≤
k
≤
n
0≤k≤n), where
k
k is the difference in the bin IDs from the initial bin where the swap originated and the current bin in which it is being calculated.

For example, let's use SOL/USDC. We also assume each bin step is $1 for simplicity. Let us assume that the active bin (ID = 1000) before swap is $100. A large buy order was made that pushed the price up to $102.

The value of
k
k for each bin is illustrated below:

$100 bin - ID = 1000;
k
k = 0

$101 bin - ID = 1001;
k
k = 1

$102 bin - ID = 1002;
k
k = 2

Note that
k
k can also be negative if it pushes the price downwards.

The variable fee for a bin
f
v
(
k
)
f
v

 (k)will be calculated using the variable fee control parameter
(
A
)
(A), bin step
(
s
)
(s)and volatility accumulator
(
v
a
(
k
)
)
(v
a

 (k)):

f
v
(
k
)
=
A
(
v
a
(
k
)
⋅
s
)
2
f
v

 (k)=A(v
a

 (k)⋅s)
2

Volatility Accumulator
(
v
a
(
k
)
)
(v
a

 (k)) captures instantaneous volatility.

Variable Fee Control Parame


[User] Can you explain the significance of 'master_edition_address' in the Helius NFT editions API response?

[Assistant]
In the Helius NFT editions API response, the `master_edition_address` is significant because it represents the address of the master edition of a particular NFT. The master edition is a unique version of the NFT that typically governs the supply and characteristics of its editions.

Here’s a breakdown of its importance:

1. **Unique Identifier**: The `master_edition_address` serves as a unique identifier for the master edition of the NFT, distinguishing it from its various editions.

2. **Supply Management**: It indicates the total supply of the NFT and its editions. In the response, you can see that the `supply` is 66 and the `max_supply` is 69, which are associated with the master edition.

3. **Relationship to Editions**: The editions listed in the response are derived from the master edition. Each edition has its own mint address and edition number but is linked back to the master edition through this address.

For example, in the response provided:

```json
"master_edition_address": "8SHfqzJYABeGfiG1apwiEYt6TvfGQiL1pdwEjvTKsyiZ"
```

This address identifies the master edition that governs the editions listed in the `editions` array, which includes individual NFTs with their own mint addresses and edition numbers.

Understanding the `master_edition_address` is crucial for developers and users working with NFTs, as it helps in managing and querying the relationships between different editions of an NFT.

mit: 2
      },
    }),
  });
  const data = await response.json();

  if (!data.result) {
    console.error("No result in the response", data);
    return;
  }

  console.log(JSON.stringify(data.result, null, 2));
};

getNftEditions();
Response
Copy
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": {
        "total": 2,
        "limit": 2,
        "page": 1,
        "master_edition_address": "8SHfqzJYABeGfiG1apwiEYt6TvfGQiL1pdwEjvTKsyiZ",
        "supply": 66,
        "max_supply": 69,
        "editions": [
            {
                "mint": "GJvFDcBWf6aDncd1TBzx2ou1rgLFYaMBdbYLBa9oTAEw",
                "edition_address": "AoxgzXKEsJmUyF5pBb3djn9cJFA26zh2SQHvd9EYijZV",
                "edition": 1
            },
            {
                "mint": "9yQecKKYSHxez7fFjJkUvkz42TLmkoXzhyZxEf2pw8pz",
                "edition_address": "giWoA4jqHFkodPJgtbRYRcYtiXbsVytnxnEao3QT2gg",
                "edition": 2
            }
        ]
    },
    "id": "0"
}
Previous
Get Token Accounts
Next
Fungible Token Extension
Last updated 1 month ago

Background
How does it work?
Token22 Support
Backwards Compatibility
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Compression & DAS API
💊
Digital Asset Standard (DAS) API
⏭
Fungible Token Extension
The most versatile API for working with tokens on Solana.

Background
Initially, the DAS API only supported ownership queries against Metaplex NFTs and cNFTs. Helius has extended the DAS API to support all tokens, including plain SPL tokens (without metadata) and To


[User] What does the Cargo.toml file signify in a Solana smart contract project?

[Assistant]
The `Cargo.toml` file in a Solana smart contract project is a manifest file used by Cargo, which is the Rust package manager and build system. This file contains metadata about the project, including its name, version, dependencies, and other configuration settings necessary for building and managing the Rust project.

In the context of a Solana smart contract, the `Cargo.toml` file typically includes:

- **Package Information**: This includes the name of the package, version, authors, and edition.
- **Dependencies**: Lists the libraries that the smart contract depends on, which may include Solana SDKs or other Rust libraries necessary for the contract's functionality.
- **Build Configuration**: Specifies how the project should be built, including any features or settings that are relevant to the compilation process.

Here is an example of what a `Cargo.toml` file might look like for a Solana smart contract:

```toml
[package]
name = "my_solana_program"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2018"

[dependencies]
solana-program = "1.9.0"
```

In this example:
- The package is named `my_solana_program` and is at version `0.1.0`.
- It specifies a dependency on the `solana-program` crate, which is essential for developing Solana programs.

Overall, the `Cargo.toml` file is crucial for managing the Rust project and its dependencies effectively.

st smart contracts or Anchor smart contracts.

Program Frameworks #
After running this command, you'll have the option to choose between Shank and Anchor for the program framework:

Shank creates a vanilla Solana smart contract with Shank macros to generate IDLs. For more information on Shank, read its README.

Anchor creates a smart contract using the Anchor framework, which abstracts away many complexities enabling fast program development. For more information on the Anchor framework, read the Anchor book.

Anchor framework #
For Anchor rust development, chose Anchor when asked which program framework to use. This will create a basic Anchor counter program with the following project structure for your program:

├── program.rs
│   ├── src.rs
│   │   ├── lib.rs
│   ├── Cargo.toml
│   ├── keypair.json
│   ├── README.md

Native rust #
For native rust development, make sure you chose Shank when asked which program framework to use. This will create a basic counter program with the following project structure for your program:

├── program.rs
│   ├── src.rs
│   │   ├── assertions.rs
│   │   ├──entrypoint.rs
│   │   ├──error.rs
│   │   ├──instruction.rs
│   │   ├──lib.rs
│   │   ├──processor.rs
│   │   ├──state.rs
│   │   ├──utils.rs
│   ├── Cargo.toml
│   ├── keypair.json
│   ├── README.md

Generated Clients #
Next, you'll have the option to choose between a JavaScript client, a Rust Client, or both.

JavaScript Client creates a typescript library compatible with web3.js.

Rust


[User] What is the default value for the 'id' parameter when using the getSupply method in ChainStack?

[Assistant] The default value for the 'id' parameter when using the getSupply method in ChainStack is 1.

Get you own node endpoint today

Start for free and get your app to production levels immediately. No credit card required.

You can sign up with your GitHub, X, Google, or Microsoft account.

Parameters
commitment — (optional) the level of commitment desired:
processed — the node has processed the block and the block may be on a fork.
confirmed — the block is confirmed by the cluster as not being on a fork.
finalized — the block is finalized by the cluster.
Response
value — the current supply information:
total — the total supply of lamports.
circulating — the circulating supply of lamports.
nonCirculating — the non-circulating supply of lamports.
nonCirculatingAccounts — the accounts that hold the non-circulating supply.
Use case
A practical use case for getSupply is to understand the current state of the network's economy. This can be useful for wallets or other applications that need to display or make use of this information.

Try the getSupply RPC method yourself
Body Params
id
integer
Defaults to 1
1
jsonrpc
string
Defaults to 2.0
2.0
method
string
Defaults to getSupply
getSupply
params
array
Defaults to
Response

200
Supply details

Updated 7 days ago

getStakeMinimumDelegation | Solana
getTokenAccountBalance | Solana
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Language

Shell

Node

Ruby

PHP

Python
1
curl --request POST \
2
     --url https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/ \
3
     --header 'accept: application/json' \
4
     --header 'content-type: appli


[User] What is the maximum number of tickers that can be retrieved in a single response from CoinGecko's exchange tickers endpoint?

[Assistant] The maximum number of tickers that can be retrieved in a single response from CoinGecko's exchange tickers endpoint is limited to 100 tickers per page.

ade/BTC_USDT?ref=37754157",
57
      "token_info_url": null,
58
      "coin_id": "bitcoin",
59
      "target_coin_id": "tether"
60
    }
61
  ]
62
}

Exchange Tickers by ID
get
https://pro-api.coingecko.com/api/v3/exchanges/{id}/tickers
This endpoint allows you to query exchange's tickers based on exchange’s id.

📘
Notes

Responses are paginated and limited to 100 tickers per page. You may specify the page number using the page params to retrieve the tickers accordingly
Cache / Update Frequency: every 60 seconds for all the API plans
Path Params
id
string
required
exchange id
*refers to /exchanges/list.

Query Params
coin_ids
string
filter tickers by coin_ids, comma-separated if querying more than 1 coin
*refers to /coins/list.

include_exchange_logo
boolean
include exchange logo, default: false

page
number
page through results

depth
boolean
include 2% orderbook depth (Example: cost_to_move_up_usd & cost_to_move_down_usd),default: false

order
string
use this to sort the order of responses, default: trust_score_desc

Response

200
Get exchange tickers

Response body
object
name
string
coin name

tickers
array of objects
list of tickers

object
base
string
coin ticker base currency

target
string
coin ticker target currency

market
object
coin ticker exchange

market object
last
number
coin ticker last price

volume
number
coin ticker volume

cost_to_move_up_usd
number
coin ticker cost to move up in usd

cost_to_move_down_usd
number
coin ticker cost to move down in usd


[User] How does QuickNode's API credit system apply to the 'getSlot' method, specifically its value?

[Assistant]
The API credit value for the `getSlot` method in QuickNode is 30. This means that each time you call the `getSlot` method, it will consume 30 credits from your QuickNode account.

If you are using this method, it's important to keep track of your API credits to ensure that you do not exceed your limit, which could affect your ability to make further API calls.

,
      "method": "getSignaturesForAddress",
      "params": ["Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111",{"limit": 1}]
      }
  '
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getSignatureStatuses
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getSlot
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hi@example.com
getSlot RPC Method
Returns the slot that has reached the given or default commitment level. The API credit value for this method is 30.
Updated on
Sep 20, 2024
With Endpoint Armor, you can define specific restrictions on this method when called. Learn more about Endpoint Armor here
Parameters
object
array
The configuration object with the following fields:
commitment
string
The level of commitment required for the query. The options include:
finalized
string
The node will query the most recent block confirmed by the supermajority of the cluster as having reached maximum lockout, meaning the cluster has recognized this block as finalized
confirmed
string
The node will query the most recent block that has been voted on by the supermajority of the cluster
processed
string
The node will query its most recent block. Note that the block may not be complete
minContextSlot
integer
The minimum slot at which the request can be


[User] How does QuickNode represent the block production information in terms of leader slots and blocks produced?

[Assistant]
QuickNode represents block production information using a custom object that includes a dictionary called `byIdentity`. This dictionary maps validator identities, encoded in base-58, to an array containing two elements: the number of leader slots and the number of blocks produced by that validator.

Here’s a breakdown of the relevant fields:

- **byIdentity**: A dictionary where each key is a validator identity (base-58 encoded string).
  - **Value**: A two-element array:
    - The first element represents the number of leader slots assigned to the validator.
    - The second element represents the number of blocks produced by the validator.

For example, the structure of the response might look like this:

```json
{
  "result": {
    "byIdentity": {
      "validator1Base58Encoded": [5, 3],
      "validator2Base58Encoded": [7, 4]
    },
    "range": {
      "firstSlot": 100,
      "lastSlot": 200
    }
  }
}
```

In this example:
- `validator1Base58Encoded` had 5 leader slots and produced 3 blocks.
- `validator2Base58Encoded` had 7 leader slots and produced 4 blocks.

This structure allows users to easily understand the performance of each validator in terms of their leadership and block production capabilities within a specified slot range.

dator identity encoded in base-58
Returns
result
The custom object with the following field
context
The additional context to retrieve the block production information
apiVersion
The API version
slot
The slot number to retrieve block production information
value
Information about the block production in the specified slot range
byIdentity
A dictionary of validator identities, as base-58 encoded strings. Value is a two element array containing the number of leader slots and the number of blocks produced
range
The block production slot range
firstSlot
The first slot of the block production information (inclusive)
lastSlot
The last slot of the block production information (inclusive)
Request

Curl
curl https://docs-demo.solana-mainnet.quiknode.pro/ \
  -X POST \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1, "method":"getBlockProduction"}'
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hi@example.com
getBlockTime RPC Method
Returns the estimated production time of a block.
Updated on
Sep 20, 2024
Parameters
u64
integer
REQUIRED
The block number, identified by Slot
Returns
result
The re


[User] What should a developer be cautious about when using the slotsUpdatesSubscribe RPC Method in Solana?

[Assistant]
When using the `slotsUpdatesSubscribe` RPC Method in Solana, a developer should be cautious about the following:

1. **Unstable Subscription**: The subscription provided by `slotsUpdatesSubscribe` is described as unstable. This means that the format of the subscription may change in the future, and it may not always be supported. Developers should be prepared for potential changes that could affect their implementation.

2. **Error Handling**: The notifications received from this subscription can include an error message if the update is of type "dead". Developers should implement error handling to manage these cases appropriately.

Here’s a brief overview of the method and its notification format:

### Method Overview
- **Parameters**: None
- **Result**: Returns an integer that serves as the subscription ID, which is necessary for unsubscribing.

### Example Code for Subscription
```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "slotsUpdatesSubscribe"
}
```

### Notification Format
The notification will include fields such as:
- `err`: A string that contains the error message (only present if the update is of type "dead").
- `parent`: The parent slot (optional).
- Additional fields may be included depending on the update.

By being aware of these cautions, developers can better prepare for potential issues when using the `slotsUpdatesSubscribe` method.

" }

Response #
{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "result": 0, "id": 1 }

Notification Format: #
The notification will be an object with the following fields:

parent: <u64> - The parent slot
root: <u64> - The current root slot
slot: <u64> - The newly set slot value
Example:

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "slotNotification",
  "params": {
    "result": {
      "parent": 75,
      "root": 44,
      "slot": 76
    },
    "subscription": 0
  }
}

slotUnsubscribe RPC Method
Edit Page
Unsubscribe from slot notifications

Parameters #
integer required

subscription id to cancel

Result #
<bool> - unsubscribe success message

Code sample #
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "slotUnsubscribe",
  "params": [0]
}

Response #
{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "result": true, "id": 1 }

slotsUpdatesSubscribe RPC Method
Edit Page
Subscribe to receive a notification from the validator on a variety of updates on every slot

Caution
This subscription is unstable. The format of this subscription may change in the future, and may not always be supported.

Parameters #
None

Result #
<integer> - Subscription id (needed to unsubscribe)

Code sample #
{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "slotsUpdatesSubscribe" }

Response #
{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "result": 0, "id": 1 }

Notification Format #
The notification will be an object with the following fields:

err: <string|undefined> - The error message. Only present if the update is of type "dead".
parent: <u64|undefined> - The parent slot. Only present if the updat


[User] How can users install solana-bankrun as a dev dependency in their Node.js project?

[Assistant]
To install `solana-bankrun` as a dev dependency in your Node.js project, you can follow these steps:

1. If your Solana program is not yet a Node.js project, you can initialize it using the following command:
   ```bash
   npm init
   ```

2. After initializing your project, you can add `solana-bankrun` as a dev dependency by running:
   ```bash
   npm i -D solana-bankrun
   ```

This command will install `solana-bankrun` and add it to your project's `devDependencies` in the `package.json` file.

programs, and simulate and process transactions seamlessly. solana-program-test (Rust), solana-bankrun (Rust, JavaScript), anchor-bankrun (Anchor, JavaScript), solders.bankrun (Python) are examples of the BanksClient-based testing framework.
Info
pnpm create solana-program can help you generate JS and Rust clients including tests. Anchor is not yet supported.

In this guide, we are using Solana Bankrun. Bankrun is a superfast, powerful, and lightweight framework for testing Solana programs in Node.js.

The biggest advantage of using Solana Bankrun is that you don't have to set up
an environment to test programs like you'd have to do while using the
solana-test-validator. Instead, you can do that with a piece of code, inside
the tests.
It also dynamically sets time and account data, which isn't possible with
solana-test-validator
Installation #
Add solana-bankrun as a dev dependency to your node project. If your Solana program is not a node project yet, you can initialize it using npm init.

npm i -D solana-bankrun

Usage #
Program Directory #
Firstly, the program's .so file must be present in one of the following directories:

./tests/fixtures (just create this directory if it doesn't exist already).
Your current working directory.
A directory you define in the BPF_OUT_DIR or SBF_OUT_DIR environment variables. export BPF_OUT_DIR='/path/to/binary'
Build your program specifying the correct directory so that library can pick the file up from directory just from the name. cargo b


[User] What is the significance of the cache in the Jupiter implementation when making calls to quote?

[Assistant]
In the Jupiter implementation, the cache plays a crucial role in optimizing the performance of quote calls. The significance of the cache is primarily to avoid unnecessary network calls during the quoting process.

When multiple calls to quote are made using the same cache, it ensures that the data is retrieved quickly without needing to reach out to external networks repeatedly. This not only improves the efficiency of the application but also reduces the load on network resources and enhances the overall user experience by providing faster responses.

By relying on cached data, the implementation can handle multiple requests efficiently, maintaining performance even under high usage scenarios. This design choice is particularly important in decentralized finance (DeFi) applications where speed and reliability are critical.

In summary, the cache in the Jupiter implementation is significant because it:
- Prevents multiple network calls for the same data
- Enhances performance and response times
- Reduces network load and potential bottlenecks during high traffic periods.

gh update to the AMM instance, there might be multiple calls to quote using the same cache so we do not allow any network calls in the entire implementation.

You can refer to the implementation guide below for easier integration with Jupiter.

https://github.com/jup-ag/rust-amm-implementation

Notes:

We need to be able to fork your SDK. This is to ensure our users that we can guarantee maintenance, support for the SDK, and fix potential bugs related to integrated DEXs.

Ecosystem Master Token List
danger
The current version of Token API will be sunsetted/deprecated, as we are currently working on improvements for it over the next few weeks.

API Endpoints
GET tokens by taghttps://tokens.jup.ag/tokens?tags=verified
GET token by minthttps://tokens.jup.ag/token/So11111111111111111111111111111111111111112
GET tradable tokens onlyhttps://tokens.jup.ag/tokens_with_markets
Usage notes:

There is a rate limit of 30 requests per minute. Please pass a referrer / origin in your request header
Enhanced metadata: We added daily volume, freeze authority and mint authority for your convenience. More fields will be available over time such as coingecko id.
If you see a token.jup.ag (without the s, the new one is tokens.jup.ag) in your codebase, that's our deprecated old API.
Resources
Background and History
Introducing the Ecosystem Token API and standard

API Standard for Partners
API Standard for Partners
How to get your protocol's tokens tagged
We can ingest your list of tokens and get


[User] What is the method to retrieve epoch schedule information using Tatum, and what is required to call this method?

[Assistant]
To retrieve epoch schedule information using Tatum, you can use the `getEpochSchedule` method. This method is available on full archive nodes and may take longer to execute for complex queries.

### Requirements to Call the Method:
1. **Tatum SDK**: You need to have the Tatum SDK installed in your project. You can install it using Yarn with the following command:
   ```bash
   yarn add @tatumio/tatum
   ```

2. **Initialization**: You need to initialize the Tatum SDK with the Solana network.

### Example Code:
Here is an example of how to call the `getEpochSchedule` method:

```javascript
import { TatumSDK, Solana, Network } from '@tatumio/tatum';

const tatum = await TatumSDK.init<Solana>({ network: Network.SOLANA });

const res = await tatum.rpc.getEpochSchedule();

await tatum.destroy(); // Destroy Tatum SDK - needed for stopping background jobs
```

In this code:
- You import the necessary modules from the Tatum SDK.
- Initialize the SDK for the Solana network.
- Call the `getEpochSchedule` method to retrieve the epoch schedule information.
- Finally, you destroy the Tatum SDK instance to stop any background jobs.

 when fetching data.
Values: finalized confirmed processed
Return Object
The result will be an RpcResponse JSON object with value equal to a JSON object containing:

amount: The raw total token supply without decimals, a string representation of u64.
decimals: The number of base 10 digits to the right of the decimal place.
uiAmount: The total token supply, using mint-prescribed decimals. Note: This field is deprecated.
uiAmountString: The total token supply as a string, using mint-prescribed decimals.
JSON-RPC Request Example
JSON

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getTokenSupply",
  "params": ["3wyAj7Rt1TWVPZVteFJPLa26JmLvdb1CAKEFZm3NY75E"]
}
JSON-RPC Response Example
JSON

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "context": {
      "slot": 1114
    },
    "value": {
      "amount": "100000",
      "decimals": 2,
      "uiAmount": 1000,
      "uiAmountString": "1000"
    }
  },
  "id": 1
}

getepochschedule
Solana RPC

Archive Method
Only on the full archive nodes. Complex queries might take longer and incur additional cost

How to Use It
JavaScript

// yarn add @tatumio/tatum

import { TatumSDK, Solana, Network } from '@tatumio/tatum'

const tatum = (await TatumSDK.init) < Solana > { network: Network.SOLANA }

const res = await tatum.rpc.getEpochSchedule()

await tatum.destroy() // Destroy Tatum SDK - needed for stopping background jobs
Overview
The getEpochSchedule method returns the epoch schedule information from this cluster's genesis config. This includes th


[User] What details are included in the 'swapInfo' object for a specific swap step in QuickNode?

[Assistant]
The `swapInfo` object for a specific swap step in QuickNode includes the following details:

1. **ammKey** (string) - This is the key identifying the Automated Market Maker (AMM) responsible for the swap.
2. **label** (string) - A label or identifier for the AMM.
3. **inputMint** (string) - The mint address of the token being swapped from in this step.
4. **outputMint** (string) - The mint address of the token being received in this step.
5. **inAmount** (string) - The amount of the token being swapped from in this step.
6. **outAmount** (string) - The amount of the token being received after the swap in this step.
7. **feeAmount** (string) - The amount of fee charged for this step of the swap.
8. **feeMint** (string) - The mint address of the token used for paying fees in this step.

These details provide a comprehensive overview of the specific swap step, including the tokens involved, the amounts, and the fees associated with the swap.

ddress
inAmount
string
REQUIRED
The amount of the source token being swapped
outputMint
string
REQUIRED
The destination token's mint address
outAmount
string
REQUIRED
The amount of the destination token received after the swap
otherAmountThreshold
string
REQUIRED
A threshold amount for the destination token
swapMode
string
REQUIRED
Indicates the swap mode
slippageBps
integer
REQUIRED
Slippage tolerance in basis points
platformFee
object
The platform Fee object which contains the following fields:
amount
string
The amount of the platform fee
feeBps
integer
The fee percentage in basis points
priceImpactPct
string
REQUIRED
The percentage of price impact due to the swap
routePlan
array
REQUIRED
An array containing detailed information about each step of the swap process
swapInfo
object
REQUIRED
Detailed information about a specific swap step
ammKey
string
REQUIRED
The key identifying the Automated Market Maker (AMM) responsible for the swap
label
string
A label or identifier for the AMM
inputMint
string
REQUIRED
The mint address of the token being swapped from in this step
outputMint
string
REQUIRED
The mint address of the token being received in this step
inAmount
string
REQUIRED
The amount of the token being swapped from in this step
outAmount
string
REQUIRED
The amount of the token being received after the swap in this step
feeAmount
string
REQUIRED
The amount of fee charged for this step of the swap
feeMint
string
REQUIRED
The mint address of the token used for paying fees in


[User] What does the genesis hash returned by the getGenesisHash method represent in the context of ChainStack?

[Assistant]
In the context of ChainStack, the genesis hash returned by the `getGenesisHash` method represents a unique identifier for the network's genesis block in the Solana blockchain. This hash is crucial for distinguishing between different Solana networks, making it particularly useful for applications such as wallets that need to identify which network they are interacting with.

The `getGenesisHash` method does not require any parameters and returns the genesis hash as part of its response. This allows developers to easily retrieve the genesis hash to ensure their applications are operating on the correct network.

For example, you can use the following code snippet to call the `getGenesisHash` method via an API request:

```shell
curl --request POST \
     --url https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/ \
     --header 'accept: application/json' \
     --header 'content-type: application/json' \
     --data '
{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getGenesisHash"
}
'
```

This request will return the genesis hash for the current network, allowing you to verify and utilize this information in your application.

ethod
The Solana getGenesisHash method returns the genesis hash for the current network.

This method provides the genesis hash, which is a unique identifier for the network's genesis block. It is useful for distinguishing between different Solana networks.

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Parameters
This method does not require any parameters.

Response
value — the genesis hash for the current network.
Use case
A practical use case for getGenesisHash is to distinguish between different Solana networks. This can be useful for wallets or other applications that need to display or make use of this information.

Try the getGenesisHash RPC method yourself
Body Params
id
integer
Defaults to 1
1
jsonrpc
string
Defaults to 2.0
2.0
method
string
Defaults to getGenesisHash
getGenesisHash
params
array
Defaults to
Response

200
Genesis hash details

Updated 11 months ago

getFirstAvailableBlock | Solana
getHighestSnapshotSlot | Solana
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Python
1
curl --request POST \
2
     --url https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/ \
3
     --header 'accept: application/json' \
4
     --header 'content-type: application/json' \
5
     --data '
6
{
7
  "id": 1,
8
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
9
  "method": "getGenesisHash"
10
}
11
'

getHighestSnapshotSlot | Solana
p


[User] What resources does Helius offer for developers looking to build on Solana?

[Assistant]
Helius offers several resources for developers looking to build on Solana, including:

1. **SDKs**: Helius provides SDKs for Node.js and Rust, which facilitate the development process on the Solana blockchain. These SDKs come with installation instructions, quick start guides, and detailed documentation.

2. **Helius Blog**: The Helius Blog serves as a comprehensive resource hub for Solana developers. It includes the latest research, development updates, tutorials, guides, and more related to Solana.

3. **Error Handling Documentation**: Helius provides documentation on common error codes and how to handle them, which is crucial for developers to troubleshoot issues effectively.

These resources are designed to support developers at various stages of their projects, from initial setup to advanced development techniques.

     clearInterval(intervalId);
          reject(new Error(`Transaction ${txtSig}'s confirmation timed out`));
        }

        const status = await this.connection.getSignatureStatuses([txtSig]);

        if (status?.value[0]?.confirmationStatus === "confirmed") {
          clearInterval(intervalId);
          resolve(txtSig);
        }
      }, interval);
   });
}
We continue sending the transaction, polling its confirmation status, and retrying it until a minute has elapsed. If the transaction has not been confirmed at this time, an error is thrown.

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To keep up with the latest in Solana research, development, tutorials, guides, and much more — check out our blog:

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SDKs
SDKs for building the future of Solana

At Helius, we've developed a Node.js and a Rust SDK to make developing on Solana easier. The following page includes information on installing and using these SDKs. It also covers common error h


[User] What is the purpose of the 'range' object in the getBlockProduction request in Alchemy?

[Assistant]
The 'range' object in the `getBlockProduction` request in Alchemy is used to specify the slot range for which block production information is being queried. This allows users to define a specific range of slots to retrieve data about block production within that range.

The 'range' object can include the following properties:

- **firstSlot**: The starting slot number of the range.
- **lastSlot**: The ending slot number of the range.

If the 'range' object is not provided, it defaults to the current epoch, meaning that if you do not specify it, the request will return block production information for all slots in the current epoch.

Here is an example of how to use the 'range' object in a `getBlockProduction` request:

```json
{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getBlockProduction",
  "params": [
    {
      "commitment": "processed",
      "range": {
        "firstSlot": 165768577,
        "lastSlot": 165768579
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

In this example, the request is querying block production information for slots ranging from 165768577 to 165768579.

nrpc
string
result
object
commitment
array of int64s | null
Array of u64 integers or for unknown blocks.

totalStake
int64
Total active stake, in lamports, of the current epoch.

getBlockProduction
post
https://{network}.g.alchemy.com/v2/{apiKey}
Returns recent block production information from the current or previous epoch.

Path Params
apiKey
string
required
Defaults to docs-demo
For higher throughput, create your own API key

docs-demo
Body Params
id
integer
Defaults to 1
1
jsonrpc
string
Defaults to 2.0
2.0
method
string
Defaults to getBlockProduction
getBlockProduction
params
array of objects

object

commitment
string
Defaults to processed
Configures the commitment level of the blocks queried.
Accepts one of the following strings: ["finalized", "confirmed", "processed"]

processed
range
object
Slot range for block production response. Defaults to to the current epoch.

range object

ADD object

curl --request POST \
     --url https://solana-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/docs-demo \
     --header 'accept: application/json' \
     --header 'content-type: application/json' \
     --data '
{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getBlockProduction",
  "params": [
    {
      "commitment": "processed",
      "range": {
        "firstSlot": 165768577,
        "lastSlot": 165768579
      }
    }
  ]
}
'

Response

200
Response body
object | null
id
integer
jsonrpc
string
result
object
byIdentity
object
A dictionary of validator identities
Key-> Base-58 Encoded Strings.
Va


[User] What status code does GeckoTerminal return when a request is unauthorized due to lack of valid authentication credentials?

[Assistant] GeckoTerminal returns a status code of **401 (Unauthorized)** when a request is unauthorized due to the lack of valid authentication credentials for the requested resource.

n provided token contract address on a network
/onchain/networks/{..}/pools/{pool_address}/info	Query pool info including base and quote token info based on provided pool contract address on a network
/onchain/tokens/info_recently_updated	Qeery 100 most recently updated tokens info across all networks on GeckoTerminal
/onchain/networks/{network} /pools/{pool_address}/ohlcv/{timeframe}	Get the OHLCV chart (Open, High, Low, Close, Volume) of a pool based on the provided pool address on a network
/onchain/networks/{..}/pools/{pool_address}/trades	Query the last 300 trades in the past 24 hours based on the provided pool address
💼 /onchain/categories	Query all the supported categories on GeckoTerminal
💼 /onchain/categories/.../pools	Query all the pools based on the provided category id

❌ Common Errors & Rate Limit
Common Errors
The server responds to a user’s request by issuing status codes when the request is made to the server. Kindly refer to the table below to further understand the status codes when indicating the success or failure of an API call.

Status Codes	Description
400 (Bad Request)	This is due to an invalid request and the server could not process the user's request
401 (Unauthorized)	This is due to the lack of valid authentication credentials for the requested resource by the user
403 (Forbidden)	This is likely indicating that your access is blocked by our server, and we're unable to authorize your request
429 (Too many requests)	This is likely indicating that the


[User] What parameters are required when creating a permissionless vault in Meteora?

[Assistant]
When creating a permissionless vault in Meteora, the following parameters are required:

1. **baseMint**: The mint address of the base token.
2. **quoteMint**: The mint address of the quote token.
3. **poolType**: The type of the pool, which should be set to `PoolType.DYNAMIC` for a dynamic pool.
4. **vaultMode**: The mode of the vault, which should be set to `VaultMode.PRORATA`.
5. **poolAddress**: The address of the pool that the vault will be associated with.
6. **config**: The vault configuration key from the pool configuration.

Here is an example of how these parameters are used in the code:

```javascript
const initPermissionlessVaultTx = await AlphaVault.createPermissionlessVault(
  connection,
  {
    baseMint: mintAInfo.mint, // Base token mint address
    quoteMint: mintBInfo.mint, // Quote token mint address
    poolType: PoolType.DYNAMIC, // Pool type
    vaultMode: VaultMode.PRORATA, // Vault mode
    poolAddress: poolPubkey, // Pool address
    config: poolConfig.account.vaultConfigKey, // Vault configuration key
  },
  payer.publicKey // Payer's public key
);
```

Make sure to provide the correct values for each parameter when creating the permissionless vault.

publicKey,
      {
        activationPoint,
      }
    );

  console.log("Creating pool");
  for (const tx of transactions) {
    const txHash = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, tx, [payer]);
    console.log(txHash);
  }

  const poolPubkey = derivePoolAddressWithConfig(
    mintAInfo.mint,
    mintBInfo.mint,
    poolConfig.publicKey,
    DYNAMIC_AMM_PROGRAM_ID
  );

  console.log("Pool created", poolPubkey.toBase58());

  // 3. Create the alpha vault
  const initPermissionlessVaultTx = await AlphaVault.createPermissionlessVault(
    connection,
    {
      baseMint: mintAInfo.mint,
      quoteMint: mintBInfo.mint,
      poolType: PoolType.DYNAMIC,
      vaultMode: VaultMode.PRORATA,
      poolAddress: poolPubkey,
      config: poolConfig.account.vaultConfigKey,
    },
    payer.publicKey
  );

  console.log("Creating vault");
  const txHash = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    initPermissionlessVaultTx,
    [payer]
  );
  console.log(txHash);
}

const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"));
const payer = loadKeypairFromFile(process.env.KEYPAIR_PATH);

/**
 * This example shows how to create dynamic pool with permissionless vault
 * Please contact meteora team if the existing pool and vault config doesn't meet the requirement
 * Currently only dynamic pool support permissionless vault
 */
createDynamicPoolWithPermissionlessVault(connection, payer)
  .then(() => {
    console.log("Done");
  })
  .catch(console.error);
Note for token


[User] What is the purpose of the cumulative_interest_snapshot in Jupiter?

[Assistant] The purpose of the `cumulative_interest_snapshot` in Jupiter is to capture the value of the `cumulative_interest_rate` at the time of the position's last update. This snapshot is important because it allows for the calculation of a position's borrow fees. Specifically, whenever there is a change in either the borrowed assets or the total assets within a custody, the `cumulative_interest_rate` for that custody is updated. The difference between the custody's `cumulative_interest_rate` and the position's `cumulative_interest_snapshot` is then used to determine the borrow fees applicable to that position.

nterest_snapshot. This snapshot captures the value of cumulative_interest_rate at the time of the position's last update. Whenever there's a change in either the borrowed assets or the total assets within a custody, the cumulative_interest_rate for the custody is updated. The difference between the custody's cumulative_interest_rate and the position's cumulative_interest_snapshot is then used to calculate the position's borrow fees.
last_updated: The UNIX timestamp for when the custody's borrow fee data was last updated.
hourly_funding_dbps: A constant used to calculate the hourly borrow fees for the custody. The Jupiter Perpetuals exchange works with Gauntlet and Chaos Labs to update and fine tune the hourly_funding_dbps to respond to traders' feedback and market conditions.

Request Fulfillment model & Off-Chain Keepers
Request fulfilment model
The Jupiter Perpetuals exchange uses an onchain request fulfilment model to create and execute trade requests.

request-fulfillment-model

Create trade request
A trader can perform the following actions on the Jupiter Perpetuals exchange:

Open position
Close position
Increase position size
Decrease position size / close partial position
Deposit collateral
Withdraw collateral
Create take profit (TP) / stop loss (SL) order
Edit TP / SL order
Close TP / SL order
The trader performs the actions above through the Jupiter Perpetuals platform or via the API. The frontend or API server then verifies the action and submits a transaction on t


[User] What technology powers Jupiter's chart data, and who are its partners?

[Assistant] Jupiter's chart data is powered by Birdeye and TradingView. Birdeye provides on-chain data, while TradingView offers a charting platform that caters to a global network of traders and investors, providing access to real-time information, including various financial charts and data.

TradFi to facilitate trading between buyers and sellers. It acts as a hub where both buyers and sellers can submit their buy/sell orders, which are matched based on specific rules and executed accordingly.

This mechanism requires a certain level of market-making for it to operate efficiently. For a particular market or token to be available for trading on the CLOB, it requires a market maker to be present and accessible. In contrast, Jupiter Limit Order executes orders based on on-chain liquidity aggregated by Jupiter. This liquidity consists of more than 20 decentralized exchanges (DEXs) and automated market makers (AMMs) with Solana-wide coverage of SPL tokens, all accessible through an extremely user-friendly interface.

Limit Order Partners
Jupiter's powerful charts data and technology are powered by Birdeye and TradingView.

Example banner
Charts data are powered by Birdeye's on-chain data.

Jupiter uses TradingView technology to showcase chart data. TradingView serves as a charting platform catering to a worldwide network of traders and investors, offering exceptional access to real-time information such as the SOL/USD chart, the most recent news, financial reports, Stock screener and Economic calendar.

How to Use Jupiter DCA
Jupiter DCA is a dollar cost averaging solution designed to enable users to automate the purchase or sale of any SPL tokens at regular intervals over a specified period of time.

The DCA feature has some very powerful use cases, such as interacti


[User] What is the purpose of the getBalance method in Tatum?

[Assistant]
The `getBalance` method in Tatum is used to retrieve the current balance of a specified account on the Solana blockchain. It serves as a straightforward and efficient way to monitor and keep track of account balances. This method is particularly useful in scenarios where you need to check the available balance before initiating a transaction or for accounting purposes in a wallet application.

The method requires the public key (Pubkey) of the account you want to query, which should be provided as a base-58 encoded string.

Here’s a brief overview of how to use the `getBalance` method:

### Parameters
- **Pubkey**: A string representing the public key of the account to query (required).

### Return Object
The method returns an object containing:
- **context**: Details about the context in which the balance was fetched.
- **slot**: The slot at which the data was fetched.
- **value**: The current balance of the account, expressed in lamports.

### Example
Here’s an example of a JSON-RPC request to use the `getBalance` method:

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getBalance",
  "params": ["8Ew6iQXcTRHAUNNu3X9VBn1g1bJkXEZJ9gFD2AGKtdPB"]
}
```

And a corresponding example of a JSON-RPC response might look like this:

```json
{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "context": {
      "slot": 194573649
    },
    "value": 2484257209
  }
}
```

This response indicates that the balance of the specified account is 2,484,257,209 lamports.

ground jobs
Overview
The getBalance RPC method is used to retrieve the current balance of a specified account on the Solana blockchain. It's a straightforward and efficient way to monitor and keep track of account balances.

This method is typically used in scenarios where you need to check the available balance before initiating a transaction or for accounting purposes in a wallet application.

Parameters
The getBalance method requires one parameter:

(string, required) Pubkey of account to query, as base-58 encoded string
Example: "8Ew6iQXcTRHAUNNu3X9VBn1g1bJkXEZJ9gFD2AGKtdPB"
Return object
The getBalance method returns an object containing the following fields:

context: An object containing details about the context in which the balance was fetched.
slot: The slot at which the data was fetched.
value: The current balance of the account, in lamports.
JSON-RPC Request Example
JSON

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "getBalance",
  "params": ["8Ew6iQXcTRHAUNNu3X9VBn1g1bJkXEZJ9gFD2AGKtdPB"]
}
JSON-RPC Response Example
JSON

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "result": {
    "context": {
      "slot": 194573649
    },
    "value": 2484257209
  }
}

getrecentperformancesamples
Solana RPC

Archive Method
Only on the full archive nodes. Complex queries might take longer and incur additional cost

How to Use It
JavaScript

// yarn add @tatumio/tatum

import { TatumSDK, Solana, Network } from '@tatumio/tatum'

const tatum = (await TatumSDK.init) < Solana > { network: Net


[User] How does the Solana runtime validate the PDA during the CPI execution?

[Assistant]
The Solana runtime validates the Program Derived Address (PDA) during the Cross-Program Invocation (CPI) execution by ensuring that the provided seeds and the bump seed correctly derive a valid PDA associated with the calling program's ID.

When a program attempts to invoke another program via CPI, it includes the PDA as a signer in the context. The runtime checks the following:

1. **Seed Validation**: The seeds used to derive the PDA must match the expected values. The PDA is created using specific seeds that are known to the program.

2. **Bump Seed Validation**: The bump seed is a value that helps ensure the uniqueness of the PDA. The runtime checks that the bump seed provided in the context corresponds to the correct PDA derived from the given seeds.

3. **Program ID Matching**: The PDA must be derived from the program ID of the calling program. This ensures that only the program that created the PDA can sign transactions involving it.

If all these conditions are met, the runtime confirms that the PDA is valid and allows the CPI to proceed. If any of these checks fail, the invocation will be rejected.

Here is a simplified example of how the PDA is derived and validated during a CPI:

```rust
let seeds: &[&[u8]] = &[b"pda", user_key.as_ref()];
let (pda, bump_seed) = Pubkey::find_program_address(seeds, program_id);

let signer_seeds: &[&[&[u8]]] = &[&[b"pda", user_key.as_ref(), &[bump_seed]]];

let cpi_context = CpiContext::new(program_id, Transfer { from: from_pubkey, to: to_pubkey })
    .with_signer(signer_seeds);

// Perform the CPI
transfer(cpi_context, amount)?;
```

In this example, the PDA is derived using the specified seeds and program ID. The `with_signer` method includes the derived PDA as a signer, which the Solana runtime will validate during execution.

fer(cpi_context, amount)?;
    Ok(())
}

When signing with PDAs, the seeds and bump seed are included in the cpi_context as signer_seeds using with_signer(). The bump seed for a PDA can be accessed using ctx.bumps followed by the name of the PDA account.

let seed = to_pubkey.key();
let bump_seed = ctx.bumps.pda_account;
let signer_seeds: &[&[&[u8]]] = &[&[b"pda", seed.as_ref(), &[bump_seed]]];

let cpi_context = CpiContext::new(
    program_id,
    Transfer {
        from: from_pubkey,
        to: to_pubkey,
    },
)
.with_signer(signer_seeds);

The cpi_context and amount are then passed into the transfer function to execute the CPI.

transfer(cpi_context, amount)?;

When the CPI is processed, the Solana runtime will validate that the provided seeds and caller program ID derive a valid PDA. The PDA is then added as a signer on the invocation. This mechanism allows for programs to sign for PDAs that are derived from their program ID.

Here is a reference program on Solana Playground which includes both examples.

Developing Programs in Rust
Solana programs are primarily developed using the Rust programming language. This page focuses on writing Solana programs in Rust without using the Anchor framework, an approach often referred to as writing "native Rust" programs.

Native Rust development provides developers with direct control over their Solana programs. However, this approach requires more manual setup and boilerplate code compared to using the Anchor framework. This me


[User] What are the options for 'alphaVaultType' within Meteora's Alpha Vault configuration?

[Assistant]
Within Meteora's Alpha Vault configuration, the options for `alphaVaultType` are:

1. **fcfs** - First-Come, First-Served
2. **prorata** - Pro Rata

These options determine how deposits are managed within the Alpha Vault.

 to run the scripts. We also need to provide the keypair for the payer wallet in keypair.json file.

General configuration
rpcUrl: Solana RPC URL to get data and send transactions.

keypairFilePath: Keypair file path to send transactions.

dryRun: Set to true to send transactions.

createBaseToken: Configuration to create base token.

baseMint: Base token address if the createBaseToken field is not set.

quoteSymbol: Quote token symbol, only SOL or USDC is supported.

baseDecimals: Base token decimal.

dynamicAmm: Dynamic AMM pool configuration.

dlmm: DLMM pool configuration.

alphaVault: Fcfs or Prorata Alpha Vault configuration.

Some configuration constraints:
createBaseToken and baseMint cannot be used together.

dynamicAmm and dlmm cannot be used together.

Create Base Token configuration
mintBaseTokenAmount: Base token amount to be minted.

Dynamic AMM configuration
baseAmount: Base token amount.

quoteAmount: Quote token amount.

tradeFeeNumerator: Trade fee numerator, with fee denominator is set to 100_000.

activationType: To activate pool trading base on slot or timestamp.

activationPoint: To activate pool trading at a point, either slot valut or timestamp value base on activationType.

hasAlphaVault: Whether alpha vault is enabled or not for this pool.

Alpha Vault configuration
poolType: dynamic or dlmm pool type.

alphaVaultType: Alpha Vault type, could be fcfs or prorata

depositingPoint: Absolute value that, the slot or timestamp that allows deposit depend on


[User] How do you determine the Vault deposit close point for a Timestamp-based Vault in Meteora?

[Assistant]
To determine the Vault deposit close point for a Timestamp-based Vault in Meteora, you can use the following formula:

**Vault deposit close point = Crank start point - 5 minutes**

First, you need to calculate the Crank start point using the formula:

**Crank start point = activationPoint - 3600 seconds**

Once you have the Crank start point, subtract 5 minutes (which is 300 seconds) from it to get the Vault deposit close point.

Here’s a step-by-step example:

1. Determine the `activationPoint` (in seconds since epoch).
2. Calculate the Crank start point:
   ```
   Crank start point = activationPoint - 3600
   ```
3. Calculate the Vault deposit close point:
   ```
   Vault deposit close point = Crank start point - 300
   ```

This will give you the time at which the vault deposits will close for a Timestamp-based Vault.

f the base token in the wallet to prove ownership.

The Meteora website only works with SquadsX multisig. If you are using multisig, make sure your multisig is using SquadsX, otherwise you can't manage liquidity through the website.

2. Create Alpha Vault
Select an example config to reference and change the parameters inside according to your needs: https://github.com/MeteoraAg/meteora-pool-setup/tree/main/config

Run:

bun run src/create_alpha_vault.ts --config <config.json>

Replace <config.json>with the path to your config file, after you have set your config

Important Notes:

If you do not want to use Alpha Vault, skip this step.

Currently, only SOL or USDC is accepted as the quote token when initializing a Dynamic AMM or DLMM Pool with Alpha Vault in a permissionless setup. Since the Alpha Vault can't tell what the quote token would be, the quote token is limited to SOL or USDC.

Crank start point (time when vault buys tokens from the pool):

Timestamp-based Crank start point = activationPoint - 3600

Slot-based Crank start point = activationPoint - 9000

Vault deposit close point (time when vault deposits close):

Timestamp-based Vault, Deposit close point = Crank start point - 5 min

Slot-based Vault, Deposit close point = Crank start point - 750

3. Seed liquidity
Clone repo: https://github.com/MeteoraAg/dlmm-sdk

Run:

cargo build -p cli

cd command_list

Select the command you want from the command list and update the parameters according to your preference.

I


[User] What should be set to true in Raydium to unwrap wSOL received as an output token?

[Assistant] In Raydium, to unwrap wSOL received as an output token, the parameter `unwrapSol` should be set to `true`.

uidity. It allows you to swap for any asset with 2 requests and a signature.

Get quote parameters
Parameter
Type
Required
Description
inputMint

string

yes

Input token mint address

outputMint

string

yes

Output token mint address

amount

number

yes

Either inputAmount or outpoutAmount depending on the swap mode.

slippageBps

number

yes

Slippage tolerance in base points (0.01%).

Post parameters
Parameter
Type
Required
Description
version

string

yes

Use 'V0' for versioned transaction, and 'LEGACY' for legacy transaction.

wrapSol

boolean

no

Need to be true to accept SOL as inputToken.

unwrapSol

boolean

no

Need to set to true to unwrap wSol received as outputToken.

computeUnitPriceMicroLamports

string

yes

You can type it in manually or use Raydium priority fee API to set an automatic amount with 'String(data.data.default.h)'. The 'h' here stands for high priority.

'vh' for very high and 'm' for medium are also accepted value.

wallet

string

yes

pubkey

inputTokenAccount

string

no

default to ATA

outpoutTokenAccount

string

no

default to ATA

Guide for Raydium Trade API
You can follow the demo implementation in sdk v2 demo.

Installation

Copy
$ yarn add @raydium-io/raydium-sdk-v2
Import libraries

Copy
import { Transaction, VersionedTransaction, sendAndConfirmTransaction } from '@solana/web3.js'
import { NATIVE_MINT } from '@solana/spl-token'
import axios from 'axios'
import { connection, owner, fetchTokenAccountData } from '../config'
import


[User] What is the significance of the blockhash in Solana transactions?

[Assistant]
In Solana, the blockhash serves several important purposes in transactions:

1. **Transaction Uniqueness**: The blockhash is used to ensure that each transaction is unique. It prevents replay attacks by making sure that a transaction cannot be submitted more than once if it has already been processed.

2. **Transaction Validity**: The blockhash indicates the state of the ledger at the time the transaction was created. When a transaction is submitted, it must include a recent blockhash, which ensures that the transaction is valid only for a certain period. This prevents old transactions from being processed against an outdated state.

3. **Commitment Levels**: When obtaining a blockhash using the `getLatestBlockhash` method, applications can specify their intended commitment level (e.g., confirmed or finalized). This helps avoid polling a blockhash from a minority fork, ensuring that the transaction is processed on the correct chain.

4. **Transaction Processing**: The blockhash is included in the transaction's metadata and is used by the Solana network to verify that the transaction is being processed in the correct context of the blockchain's state.

Here’s a brief code example demonstrating how to obtain a blockhash and use it in a transaction:

```javascript
const blockhashResponse = await connection.getLatestBlockhash();
const transaction = new Transaction({
    feePayer: payer.publicKey,
    blockhash: blockhashResponse.blockhash,
    lastValidBlockHeight: lastValidBlockHeight,
});
```

In this example, the `blockhash` is fetched and then used to create a new transaction, ensuring that it is valid and unique at the time of submission.

({
    feePayer: payer.publicKey,
    blockhash: blockhashResponse.blockhash,
    lastValidBlockHeight: lastValidBlockHeight,
  }).add(
    SystemProgram.transfer({
      fromPubkey: payer.publicKey,
      toPubkey: toAccount,
      lamports: 1000000,
    }),
  );
  const message = transaction.serializeMessage();
  const signature = nacl.sign.detached(message, payer.secretKey);
  transaction.addSignature(payer.publicKey, Buffer.from(signature));
  const rawTransaction = transaction.serialize();
  let blockheight = await connection.getBlockHeight();

  while (blockheight < lastValidBlockHeight) {
    connection.sendRawTransaction(rawTransaction, {
      skipPreflight: true,
    });
    await sleep(500);
    blockheight = await connection.getBlockHeight();
  }
})();

When polling via getLatestBlockhash, applications should specify their intended commitment level. By setting its commitment to confirmed (voted on) or finalized (~30 blocks after confirmed), an application can avoid polling a blockhash from a minority fork.

If an application has access to RPC nodes behind a load balancer, it can also choose to divide its workload amongst specific nodes. RPC nodes that serve data-intensive requests such as getProgramAccounts may be prone to falling behind and can be ill-suited for also forwarding transactions. For applications that handle time-sensitive transactions, it may be prudent to have dedicated nodes that only handle sendTransaction.

The Cost of Skipping Preflight #
By de


[User] How is the 'id' parameter used in Alchemy's API requests?

[Assistant]
In Alchemy's API requests, the 'id' parameter is used to identify the request and match it with the corresponding response. It is an integer value that defaults to 1 if not specified. This parameter helps in tracking multiple requests and their responses, especially when making asynchronous calls.

Here’s a brief overview of its usage:

- **Request**: When you make an API call, you include the 'id' parameter in the body of the request.
- **Response**: The response from the API will include the same 'id' value, allowing you to correlate the response with the original request.

### Example of an API Request with 'id':

```json
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "getAccountInfo",
    "params": ["<account_address>"]
}
```

### Example of an API Response:

```json
{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "result": {
        "context": {
            "slot": 134461197
        },
        "value": {
            "data": [
                "",
                "base58"
            ],
            "executable": false,
            "lamports": 410431055,
            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
            "rentEpoch": 311
        }
    }
}
```

In this example, the 'id' in the request (1) matches the 'id' in the response, confirming that the response corresponds to the original request.

'
Response
JavaScript

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "result": {
        "context": {
            "slot": 134461197
        },
        "value": {
            "data": [
                "",
                "base58"
            ],
            "executable": false,
            "lamports": 410431055,
            "owner": "11111111111111111111111111111111",
            "rentEpoch": 311
        }
    },
    "id": 1
}
Path Params
apiKey
string
required
Defaults to docs-demo
For higher throughput, create your own API key

docs-demo
Body Params
id
integer
Defaults to 1
1
jsonrpc
string
Defaults to 2.0
2.0
method
string
Defaults to getAccountInfo
getAccountInfo
params
array

Option 1

Option 2

Option 1

Option 2

ADD
Response

200
Response body
object | null
id
integer
jsonrpc
string
result
object
A JSON object.

context
object

context object
value
object

value object

simulateTransaction
post
https://{network}.g.alchemy.com/v2/{apiKey}
Simulate sending a transaction.

Parameters
<string> - Transaction, as an encoded string. The transaction must have a valid blockhash, but is not required to be signed.

<object> - (optional) Configuration object containing the following fields:

sigVerify: <bool> - if true the transaction signatures will be verified (default: false, conflicts with replaceRecentBlockhash)

commitment: <object> - (optional) Configures the commitment level of the blocks queried
Accepts one of the following strings: ["finalized", "confirmed", "processed"]
For more info,


[User] What does the getInflationGovernor method do in ChainStack?

[Assistant]
The `getInflationGovernor` method in ChainStack is used to return the current inflation governor for the Solana network. The inflation governor controls the inflation rate in the network, which is essential for understanding the current inflation policy.

This method does not require any parameters and provides information about the current inflation policy in the network.

Here’s an example of how to use the `getInflationGovernor` method with a POST request:

```shell
curl --request POST \
     --url https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/ \
     --header 'accept: application/json' \
     --header 'content-type: application/json' \
     --data '
{
  "id": 1,
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "getInflationGovernor"
}
'
```

This request will return the current inflation governor details, which can be useful for applications that need to monitor or analyze the inflation dynamics of the Solana network.

tIdentity is to distinguish between different nodes in the network. This can be useful for network monitoring tools or other applications that need to display or make use of this information.

Try the getIdentity RPC method yourself
Body Params
id
integer
Defaults to 1
1
jsonrpc
string
Defaults to 2.0
2.0
method
string
Defaults to getIdentity
getIdentity
params
array
Defaults to
Response

200
Identity details

Updated 11 months ago

getHighestSnapshotSlot | Solana
getInflationGovernor | Solana
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curl --request POST \
2
     --url https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/ \
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4
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getInflationGovernor | Solana
post
https://nd-326-444-187.p2pify.com/9de47db917d4f69168e3fed02217d15b/
Solana getInflationGovernor method
The Solana getInflationGovernor method returns the current inflation governor.

This method provides the current inflation governor, which controls the inflation rate in the network. It is useful for understanding the current inflation policy of the network.

👍
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You can sign up with your GitHub, X, Google, or Microsoft account.

Parameters
This method does not require any pa


[User] In QuickNode, what information does the jsonrpc field in the response contain?

[Assistant] In QuickNode, the `jsonrpc` field in the response contains a string that indicates the version of the JSON-RPC protocol being used. This helps identify the protocol version for the request and response communication.

Bps is what we suggest you to use. Reference maxAutoSlippageBps and autoSlippageCollisionUsdValue when using this parameter.
maxAutoSlippageBps
integer
Used in conjunction with autoSlippage when set to true, the maximum slippageBps returned by the API will respect this value. It is recommended that set this value when using autoSlippage.
autoSlippageCollisionUsdValue
integer
Used in conjunction with autoSlippage when set to true, the API will use a default 1000 USD value as way to calculate the slippage impact for the autoSlippage. You can set a custom USD value using this parameter.
useQNMarketCache
boolean
When set to true, the response includes your added pools/markets
Returns
jsonrpc
string
The version of the JSON-RPC protocol being used
id
integer
A unique identifier for the request
result
object
The result of the quote
inputMint
string
The source token's mint address
inAmount
string
The amount of the source token being swapped
outputMint
string
The destination token's mint address
outAmount
string
The amount of the destination token received after the swap
otherAmountThreshold
string
A threshold amount for the destination token
swapMode
string
Indicates the swap mode
slippageBps
integer
Slippage tolerance in basis points
platformFee
object
The platform Fee object which contains the following fields:
amount
string
The amount of the platform fee
feeBps
integer
The fee percentage in basis points
priceImpactPct
string
The percentage of price impact due to the swap
routePlan


[User] How does the community data update frequency differ between Twitter, Telegram, and Reddit on CoinGecko?

[Assistant]
On CoinGecko, the community data update frequency differs as follows:

- **Twitter and Telegram**: Community data for these platforms is updated on a weekly basis.
- **Reddit**: Community data for Reddit is no longer supported.

This means that while you can expect weekly updates for Twitter and Telegram community data, there will be no updates for Reddit community data.

btain the coin id (api id) via several ways:
refers to respective coin page and find ‘api id’
refers to /coins/list endpoint
refers to google sheets here
You may also flag to include more data such as tickers, market data, community data, developer data and sparkline
You may refer to last_updated in the endpoint response to check whether the price is stale
📘
Notes

Tickers are limited to 100 items, to get more tickers, please go to /coins/{id}/tickers
Cache/Update Frequency:
Every 60 seconds for all the API plans
Community data for Twitter and Telegram will be updated on weekly basis (Reddit community data is no longer supported)
Path Params
id
string
required
coin id
*refers to /coins/list.

Query Params
localization
boolean
include all the localized languages in the response, default: true

tickers
boolean
include tickers data, default: true

market_data
boolean
include market data, default: true

community_data
boolean
include community data, default: true

developer_data
boolean
include developer data, default: true

sparkline
boolean
include sparkline 7 days data, default: false

Response

200
Get current data for a coin

Response body
object
id
string
coin id

symbol
string
coin symbol

name
string
coin name

web_slug
string
coin web slug

asset_platform_id
string
coin asset platform id

platforms
object
coin asset platform and contract address

Has additional fields
detail_platforms
object
detailed coin asset platform and contract address

Has additional fields
b